2022年 本試　第５問
（共通テスト）

2022年度　本試 第５問

Questions No. 27 to 32

　Today I’ll introduce a recent work model based on “gig work.” Do you know this term? This model utilizes the spread of smartphones and the internet. It enables businesses to connect with and hire freelance workers through digital platforms. These workers are called gig workers, who do individual jobs, or gigs, on short-term contracts.
　Let’s look at some benefits of the gig work model. This model is attractive to companies because they can save on operating costs, and they can easily hire a more skilled workforce through digital platforms. The workers have the opportunity to control the numbers and types of projects according to their preferences, with the freedom to choose their schedule and workload. However, their income can be unstable because it is based on individual payments instead of a regular salary.
　The gig work model is expanding to include various types of work. It has become common for local service jobs such as taxi and delivery drivers. There is now increasing demand for highly specialized project work, not only domestically but also internationally. For example, a company that needs help with its advertising can hire international consultants who work remotely in different countries. In fact, a large number of U.S. companies are already taking advantage of digital platforms to employ an international workforce.
　The gig work model is challenging us to rethink the concepts of permanent employment, and full-time and part-time work. Working on a contract basis for multiple companies may give gig workers additional income while maintaining their work-life balance. As more and more people enter the gig job market, this work model will undoubtedly expand as a work model for future generations.

Question No. 33

　The growing effects of gig work on employment and markets differ regionally. Look at the two graphs containing data from the major English-language online labor platforms. They show the top five countries in terms of percentages of all gig employers and gig employees. What trend can we see here?

2022年度　本試 第５問

問27 ③

問28～29 (28)③ (29)②（完答のみ）

問30～31 (30)⑤ (31)④（完答のみ）

問32 ④

問33 ④